FEATURES OF SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF SALMONELLOSIS IN THE CHERKASY REGION

Abstract

Acute diarrhoeal diseases remain a serious public health problem. Infections caused by Salmonella spp. are one of the main causes of such diseases, despite the preventive measures implemented. They can be divided into minor and major diseases. Minor salmonellosis, caused by non-typhoidal strains of Salmonella, is characterised by moderate diarrhoea, which rarely leads to bacteremia or meningitis [1]. In recent years, outbreaks of salmonellosis have been reported worldwide, indicating the need to improve prevention and control programmes and epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases [2]. In addition, there is a constant selection of bacteria for antibiotic resistance [3]. Dynamic models of the spread of normal microbiota and pathogenic infections are determined by both demographic factors and socio-behavioural factors (visiting crowded places, their occupation, etc.) [4-7]. The transmission of infection can also be affected by climatic changes throughout the year in accordance with seasonal fluctuations [8]. Accordingly, the impact of seasonal factors on the spread of certain infections is an important issue in sanitary monitoring. Weather conditions and seasonal changes lead to the compaction of the population in closed spaces. This creates new opportunities for the emergence of infectious diseases [9]. Salmonella is climate-sensitive and grows in a narrow temperature range with a pronounced seasonality. An increase in ambient temperature is associated with a surge in the incidence of salmonellosis in a number of regions, indicating a direct impact on the replication rate [10]. The impact of climatic, in particular, seasonal factors on the spread of salmonellosis, especially at the regional level, has not been sufficiently studied.

References

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