ISSUES OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF GEAR GRINDING BY COPYING METHOD
Abstract
The continuous depletion of natural resources on Earth necessitates improving the quality of manufactured equipment and its constituent elements [1–5]. In other words, enhancing the production quality of technical objects provides a basis for improving their operational performance and creates conditions for conserving natural resources.
References
- Artomonov V.D., Fedorov Yu.N. (2008) Analysis of the efficiency of gear cutting processes for cylindrical wheels: monograph. – Tula: Tula State University, – 356 p.
- Handbook of the Machine-Building Technologist: [In 2 volumes] / [A.M. Dalsky et al.]; edited by A.M. Dalsky [et al.]. - 5th revised edition. - Moscow: Mashinostroenie-1 Publishing House, 2003. - 24 cm; ISBN 5-217-03085-2, 5-94275-015-7 (hardcover).
- M. Staiger, T. Voigt. (2024) Overview of Technology and Functionality Standards for Industry 4.0 and Digitalization in Mechanical Engineering. Machines, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 242.
- Starzhinsky V.E., Kane M.M., eds. Production technology and methods for ensuring the quality of gears and gears. St. Petersburg, Profession, 2007. 832 p.
- Suslov A.G., Dalsky A.M. (2002) Scientific Foundations of Mechanical Engineering Technology. Moscow: Mashinostroyenie, 684 p. ISBN: 5-21703108-5.
- Aziz S.Sh. The general regularity of surface layer work hardening in the honing operation of medium carbon steels. Reliability: Theory & Applications, 20 (SI 7 (83)), pp.372–378.
- Kane M.M., Suslov A.G. et. al.; under the general editorship of Dr. Sci. (Eng.) M.M. Kane. Quality Management in Mechanical Engineering: Textbook. – Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 2010. – 416 p.
- Rasulov N. M., Nadirov U. M., Guseinov G.R. (2013) On the quality of manufacturing products and their durability. Modern Methods and Technologies for Creating and Processing Materials, vol. 2, pp. 434–443.
- Stephen P. Radzevich. Handbook of Practical GearDesign and Manufacture. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.2012, - 846 p.
- V. E. Antonyuk, et al. (2016) Gear transmissions. Normative and methodological support for the accuracy of gear transmissions at the design stage. // Minsk: Belarusian Science, - 251 p.
- Aziz S. Sh., Jafarli G., Sivanesan S. (2025) Increasing processing efficiency in finefinishing technology of internal cylindrical surfaces by technological methods. Reliability: Theory & Applications, Vol. 20 Iss. SI 10 (88),
- pp. 307–314.
- Nariman Rasulov, Ugurlu Nadirov, Irada Abbasova, (2024) Improving of Machining Efficiency of Threads and Conical Surfaces of Diverse Directions by Managing Static Technological Relationships. Advances in Science and Technology, ISSN: 1662-0356, Vol. 148, pp 97-102.
- Rasulov N.M., Nadirov U.M., Guseynov, G.R. (2014). Relations between production and operating indicators of products quality. Vestnik Mashinostroyeniya, (11), 85–88.
- Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2018) The basic principles of the mechanism for the formation of scattering areas in the two-carriage adjustments. Machine science, vol. 7, No1, pp. 57-61.
- Zhu Y. et al. (2024) Surface quality prediction in-situ monitoring system: A deep learning approach. – Procedia CIRP, Vol. 107, pp. 123–128.
- Dadashov R.Y., Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2023) Modeli sil rezaniya pri mekhanicheskoy obrabotke na sovremennykh stankakh tokarnoy gruppy (Models of Cutting Forces During Mechanical Machining on Modern Machines of Turning Group). Proceedings of the All-Russian Forum of Young Researchers – 2023, pp. 236–246.
- Rasulov N. M., Nadirov U. M., Amiraslanov P. A. (1995) O tochnosti po diametru narezannykh spetsial'nym dolbyakom zubchatykh poverkhnostei [About the accuracy of the diameter of the cut special shaping cutter jagged surfaces]. Uchenye Zapiski (Azerbaijan State Oil Academy, Baku), no. 1, pp. 60–64.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H. (2021) Full-factor matrix model of accuracy of dimensions performed on multi-purpose CNC machines. Obrabotka Metallov, 23(4), pp. 6–20. DOI: 10.17212/1994-6309-2021-23.4-6-20
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H. (2023) Model of Machining Process Control on Multi-Tool Single-Carriage Adjustments. Machine Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 22–27.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova, H. (2024) Models of Cutting Forces in The Matrix Theory of Multitool Machining Accuracy. Key Engineering Materials, 979, pp. 27–38. DOI: 10.4028/p-bW48Sb
- Kalashnikov P.A. (2006) Determination of the optimal machining allowance for gear grinding. Engineering Journal. Reference Book, No. 10, Moscow: Mashinostroyenie, pp. 7–10.
- N. M. Rasulov, et. al. (2022) Improving the efficiency of thread rolling with management of technological connections // SOCAR Proceedings. Special Iss. 1 011-015. DOI: 10.5510/OGP2022SI100694. https://proceedings.socar.az/en/journal/85
- Rasulov N.M., Alakbarov M.Z. (2020) Mathematical models of the components of machining allowance for grinding the teeth of cylindrical gears, Azerbaijan Technical University, Mechanical Engineering, ISSN 2227-6912, No. 1, pp. 47–52. https://msj.aztu.edu.az/
- Rasulov, N.M., Nadirov, U.M., Alekberov, M.Z. (2020) Generalized Assessment of Machined Surfaces Quality. Russ. Engin. Res. 40, 822-825. https://link.springer.com/article/10.3103/S1068798X20100202
- Yusubov N.D. (2013) Fundamentals of matrix theory of accuracy of multi-tool turning. (Principles and structure of the theory, design and management of multi-tool machining processes). AV Akademikerverlag Gmbh & Co. KG / LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken.
- Aziz S.Sh. (2020) Kinematic features of the lapping process and determination of its basic parameters. Computational Nanotechnology, № 3 (Vol.7), pp. 11–16.
- Aziz S.Sh. (2020) Theoretical studies of the dynamic characteristics of the internal lapping process. Vestnik of Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, № 2 (Vol.18), pp. 30–37.
- Douglas C. Montgomery. Introduction to statistical quality control 7th edition. 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN: 978-1-118-14681-1.
- N.M. Rasulov, U.M. Nadirov, M. Z. Alakbarov. (2022) Improving the efficiency of grinding teeth by copying with the control of dynamic technological connections. / SOCAR Proceedings. Special Issue 1 029-035. DOI: 10.5510/OGP2022SI100697. https://proceedings.socar.az/en/journal/85
- Rasulov N.M., Nadirov U.M. (2024) Ensuring the quality of taper pipe threads rolled in pipes with the control of kinematic technological connections. Russian Engineering Research, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 20–22.
- Abdullayev A.I., Rasulov G.N., Ismayilov O.F. (2020) Mathematıcal modelıng of angular dıfference between teeth dırectıon ın zone of engagement and completeness of contact ın gears. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 110–117 (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2020-20-1-110-117
- Nadirov, U.M., Rasulov, N. M. (2019) Analysis and mathematical model of the circumferential accuracy of the groove cut on the surface of rotation. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 9(41), pp. 481–492.
- S. A. Voronov, Ma Veidun. (2017) Mathematical Modeling of the Cylindrical Grinding Process. ISSN 1052-6188, Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 394–403. DOI:10.3103/S1052618817030177
- Yusubov N.D. (2008) Algorithmization of analytical model of dimensions stray field, executed in multi-tool multi-carriage adjustments. Bulletin of Mechanical Engineering, No 2, pp. 54-56.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H., Dadashov R. (2023). Theoretical basis for the development of an algorithmic unified complex of mathematical models of cutting forces. Machine science, N1, pp. 55-60.
- Shipulin, L.V., Yusubov, N.D., Frolov, A.A. (2023). Study of the Microrelief Obtained During Single Abrasive Grain Cutting. In: Radionov, A.A., Gasiyarov, V.R. (eds) Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Industrial Engineering. ICIE 2022. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Cham.
- Yusubov N.D., Movlazade V.Z., Abbasova H.M. (2022) Accuracy Models of Machining in Multi-Tool Adjustments. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Control and Optimization with Industrial Applications (COIA 2022), Vol. 2, pp. 477–479.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H., Dadashov R. (2025) Matrix Model of Accuracy in Machining Conical Surfaces on CNC Lathes. Reliability Theory and Applications, Vol. 20, Iss. 7, pp. 393-400.
- Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2020) Models for Machining Accuracy in Multi-Tool Adjustment. International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 8067–8085.
- Abdullayev A.H., Khalilov İ.A., Rasulov G.N. (2025) Design and Production Technology of Special Friction Clutch Inside Innovative Reducers of Railroad Switches // Electronic Journal Reliability: Theory & Applications. – Vol. 20, Special Issue No. 7 (83). – p. 420–427.
- Yusubov N.D. (2008) Matrix full-factor model of dimensional distortions in multi-tool setups. Mechanical Engineering Technology, No 1, pp. 36-39.
- Yusubov N.D. (2009) Matrix models of the accuracy in multitool two-support setup. Russian Engineering Research, 29(3), pp. 268–271. DOI: 10.3103/S1068798X09030125
- Yusubov N.D. (2013) Matrix Models of Processing Accuracy in Multitool Turning. Mechanical Engineering Technology, no.1, pp. 57-63.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H., Dadashov R. (2026) Full factorial model of dimensional distortion in multi-tool dualcarriage setups. Scientia: Collection of Scientific Papers with the Proceedings of the X International Scientific and Theoretical Conference “Current Issues of Science, Prospects and Challenges”, Sydney, Australia, pp. 127–136.
- Abdullayev A.H., Rasulov G.N. (2020) Design optimization of multi-stage cylindrical reducers in accordance with the gear ratios // The 7th International Conference on Control and Optimization with Industrial Applications (COIA). – Baku, Azerbaijan, – Vol. II. – p. 20–23.
- Frumusanu, G.R.; Bordeanu, M.; Susac, F. (2024) Method for Increasing the Energy Efficiency of the Gear Teeth Cutting Process by Smoothing the Cutting Force Variation. Appl. Sci. 14(21), 9751.
- Rasulov N.M. (2003) Management of technological dimensional relationships and the efficiency of processing machine parts. Engineering, No. 3, pp. 18-22.
- Rasulov N.M. et. al. (2020) Advanced Technology for Machining Tapered Threads of Pipe Coupling. American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. Vol. 5, Issue 2, pp. 35-40.
- Aziz S. Sh. (2024) Improving surface quality in flat grinding operations using modern technological methods. Machine science, Vol. 13, Iss. 2, pp. 59–64.
- Fеdir Nоvikоv, et al. (2024) Improving the efficiency of gear grinding technology for mine conveyor drives. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1348, 012038.
- N.M. Rasulov, E.T. Shabiyev. (2017) Increasing the Efficiency of Gear Teeth Grinding by Copying Using Management of the Cutting Depth. Proceedings of Higher Educational institutions. Machine Building, no. 2 (683), pp. 90-97. ISSN 0536-1044.
- Safarov D.T., Kondrashov A.G. Reduction of errors in the profile of the teeth of gears in the processes of gear milling with worm cutters. Fundamental and Applied Problems of Engineering and Technology. No. 3 (347) 2021, p. 63-72. D.T. Safarov/ (in Russian).
- T.N. Ivanova, et al. (2018) Research of grinding process of gears with involute profile to increase its efficiency. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 327, 042046.
- Artomonov V.D., Fedorov Yu.N. (2008) Analysis of the efficiency of gear cutting processes for cylindrical wheels: monograph. – Tula: Tula State University, – 356 p.
- Mahbubur Rahman Syed, Sharifun Nessa Syed. (2009) Handbook of Research on Modern Systems Analysis and Design Technologies and Applications. p. 698, USA. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-887-1.
- Nekrasov R. Yu., Ovsyannikov V. E. (2024) Comprehensive analysis of methods for increasing the efficiency of processing on CNC machines // Tyumen Scientific Journal. - No. 2. - pp. 25-29.
- N. Rasulov, et. al. (2025) "Issues of Increasing the Efficiency of Cylindrical Gear Grinding Using Copying Methods Through a Systematic Approach" Reliability: Theory & Applications, vol. 20, no. SI 7 (83), pp. 259-266. https://gnedenko.net/Journal/2025/SI_072025/RTA_SI072025_ICSAIT2024.pdf
- Zhang Y, Li C, Ji H, et al. (2017) Analysis of grinding mechanics and improved predictive force model based on material-removal and plastic-stacking mechanisms. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture. Vol. 122. pp. 81-97, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2017.06.002
- Alan Dennis, Barbara Haley Wixom, Roberta M. Roth, Systems Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2014 M11 11 - 448 p.
- Rasulov N.M., Mammadov A.S., Alakbarov M.Z. (2024) Indirect improvement of the efficiency of gear grinding by the copying method based on system analysis. Azerbaijan State Maritime Academy, Scientific Works, No. 2, pp. 70–76.
- Rasulov N.M., Alakbarov M.Z. (2025) Direct improvement of the efficiency of gear grinding by the copying method based on system analysis. Azerbaijan Technical University, Scientific Works, No. 1, 2025, pp. 67–72.
- Rikard Hjelm, et. al. (2023) A multi-perspective method for gear efficiency and contact analysis. Results in Engineering Vol. 20, 101582.
- Yusubov N.D. et. al. (2023) Matrix models of machining errors in multi-tool multi carriage adjustments. International Journal on Technical and Physical Problems of Engineering (IJTPE), 15(3), pp. 309–315.
- Abellán-Nebot J.V. et al. (2024) A Review of the Factors Influencing Surface Roughness in Machining and Their Impact on Sustainability. – Sustainability, Vol. 16, Article 1917.
- Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2017) The fundamental principles of the mechanism for forming the scatter field of dimensions in dual-support setups. Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific and Technical Conference "Problems of Metallurgy and Materials Science", pp. 375-380.
- Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2018) Generalized Segmented-Matrix Model of Multi-Tool Machining Accuracy. Scientific works, No 4, pp. 16-22.
- Yusubov N.D., Abbasova H.M. (2019) Full Factorial Models of Dimensional Accuracy of Multi Tool Machining on Automatic Turning Machines. Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Mechanical Engineering Industry, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 56–67.
- Aziz S.Sh. (2023) Characteristics of quality formation in processing of 32CrMoV12-10 steel by honing. 2nd International Scientific-Practical Conference "Machine Building and Energy: New Concepts and Technologies", December 4-5, AzTU, Baku, Azerbaijan.
- Dalskiy A.M., Bazrov B.M., Vasiliev A.S., et al. (2000) Technological heredity in mechanical engineering production// Ed. by A.M. Dalskiy. Scientific publication. - Moscow: MAI Publishing House. - 364 p.
- V.I. Averchenkov, A.S. Vasiliev, M.L. Heifetz. Technological heredity at quality formation of parts manufactured. «Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering», No10, 2018. No. 10 (88), p. 27-32.
- Yusubov N., Abbasova H., Khankishiyev İ. (2021) Entwicklung einer Projektierungstheorie für die Mehrwerkzeugbearbeitung mit den Möglichkeiten der modernen CNC-Werkzeugmaschinen. Forschung im Ingenieurwesen, 85, pp. 661-678.
- N.M. Rasulov, E.T. Shabiyev. (2017) Increasing the Efficiency of Gear Teeth Grinding by Copying Using Management of the Cutting Depth. Proceedings of Higher Educational institutions. Machine Building, no. 2 (683), pp. 90-97. ISSN 0536-1044.
- N.M. Rasulov, M.Z. Alakbarov, E.T. Shabiyev. (2019) Linkages Between Cutting Depth and Prison grinding The Teeth Of Gear Wheels By Method Of Copying// Modern methods and technologies for creating and processing materials: collection of scientific papers. - Minsk: Physical-Technical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. - P. 280-286.
- Rasulov N.M., Mammadov A.S., Shabiyev E.T. (2016) Change in the cutting depth of gear teeth during grinding by the copying method under stable conditions. Eastern European Scientific Journal, 11(2), 61–66.
- Nariman Rasulov, et. al. (2024) The issues of improving surface quality and productivity in the ginding with copy method of shaped and tooth surfaces. IntechOpen - Open Access books “Advances in Materials Processing - Recent Trends and Applications in Welding, Grinding, and Surface Treatment Processes”, pp. 103-122, London, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.1004849. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/1180557
- N.M. Rasulov, E.T. Shabiyev. (2016) "Instability of Cutting Depth when Grinding Gearwheel Teeth by Copying" Proceedings of Higher Educational institutions. Machine Building, no. 12 (681), pp. 79-86. ISSN 0536-1044.
- Rasulov N.M., Shabiyev E.T. (2014) Depth of Cut in Grinding Teeth by Copying. “Advanced Technologies and Systems of Mechanical Engineering” International Collection of Scientific Papers. Don. GTU, Donetsk, No. 2 (48) pp. 76-81.
- Nariman Rasulov, et. al. (2024) Increasing the Efficiency of Forming Complex Rotating Surfaces with the Controlling of Technological Connections // Key Engineering Materials. – Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland. – ISSN: 1662-9795. – Vol. 979. – pp. 55–62. – DOI: 10.4028/p-t6EtmD. – 23574. https://doi:10.4028/p-jc7OVU
- Rasulov N.M., Alekberov M.Z., Nadirov U.M. (2021) More Efficient Copy Grinding of Complex Surface. Russian Engineering Research, Vol. 41, pp. 829–831. https://link.springer.com/article/10.3103/S1068798X21090227
- Rasulov N.M., et. al. (2021) Increasing the efficiency of grinding shaped surfaces by the copying method. Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Scientific Proceedings, Vol. 23, No. 3, pp. 22–31.
- DIN 3962 Part 1 Tolerances for cylindrical gear teeth; tolerances for deviations of individual parameters.
- ISO 1328-1-2017: Cylindrical gears. ISO system. Flank tolerance classification. Part 1. Definitions and allowable values of deviations relevant to flanks of gear teeth.
- ISO 1328-2:2020: Cylindrical gears - ISO system of flank tolerance classification. Part 2: Definitions and allowable values of double flank radial composite deviations.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
